Our Research

Our research meets the needs of modern organizations and their employees. Our main areas of study are work loneliness and relationships, team effectiveness, and employee well-being and success.

Featured Publications

Harvard Business Review

In recent years, the huge impact that work loneliness is having on healthcare costs, absenteeism, and turnover has received widespread attention. Despite growing awareness, the problem remains, with one in five employees worldwide feeling lonely at work. In this article, the authors debunk myths about work loneliness, such as the belief that in-person work or team assignments can solve the issue. They emphasize that loneliness is not just a personal problem but also an organizational one, influenced by the work environment.

Harvard Business Review

In turbulent times like these, it’s natural for people to hold back and avoid taking risks at work. Unfortunately, the same behaviors that feel risky to individual employees are precisely what their companies need in order to thrive in this uncertain economic climate. To solve this dilemma, we encourage leaders to adopt a “winning formula” for achieving a more psychologically safe workplace and the benefits it provides.

Harvard Business Review

Whether leaders know it or not, chances are their workforce contains people with bipolar disorder. This article discusses three measures that organizations can take to bring out the best in employees with this condition: modifying job features, training managers to support them, and promoting a culture of performance and compassion.

Featured Report


INSTITUTE FOR LIFE AT WORK

Understanding and Addressing Work Loneliness

Research Report

October 14, 2024

Constance (Connie) Noonan Hadley, PhD
Institute for Life at Work
Boston University Questrom School of Business

Sarah Wright, PhD
University of Canterbury

Summary

We have studied work relationships for more than twenty years. Never have they been more important to the health of our economy – and to the health of our society. Unfortunately, work loneliness is a common occurrence in organizations. In 2024, Gallup found that 1 in 5 (20%) U.S. employees were lonely.

Lonely workers are likely to suffer major adverse health effects as well as experience lower job satisfaction, engagement, and productivity. Employers are estimated to lose billions of dollars a year as a result of workforce loneliness.

Despite pandemic-spurred attention to these issues, there is still more to learn about work loneliness. We designed our research study to answer these important questions:

  1. What makes someone lonely while working? Who is more likely to become lonely? Why?

  2. What can we do about it? How can organizations help?

Our main findings and recommendations are published in Harvard Business Review (HBR) in the article “We’re Still Lonely at Work: It’s Time for Organizations to Take a New Approach.”

This report provides additional statistics, quotes, and details that support and expand beyond the HBR article. We believe this information will be especially useful for journalists, advocacy groups, and other researchers who want more information about our study and findings. By publishing this data in an open-access format, we are also hoping to expand its reach and impact globally.

SURVEY TOOL

The Work Loneliness Scale

You can use this short survey to measure how lonely you feel while working.

Featured Interview

February 18, 2026

How to Overcome Loneliness at Work

Work Loneliness & Relationships

Building a Connected Workforce

At the Institute for Life at Work, we seek to uncover the complexities of workplace loneliness and foster meaningful connections in organizations.

Our research has revealed the detrimental effects of work loneliness and offers practical steps for mitigating its impact. It also highlights the value of relationships at work and provides practical advice for how to create a connected and inclusive community.

  • Employee loneliness

  • Social support

  • Relationship-building and connection

  • Work friendships

  • Social capital and networks

  • Role of AI in collaboration

  • Negotiation and conflict resolution

REPORT

Will AI Make Workers Less Lonely? 

Microsoft New Future of Work Report 2025

RADIO

How to Cure Office Loneliness

NPR Marketplace Morning Report

ARTICLE

We’re Still Lonely at Work

Harvard Business Review

Research Question: What steps can organizations take to reduce employee loneliness and build a more connected workforce?

—with Sarah Wright, University of Canterbury (New Zealand)

Featured Report


INSTITUTE FOR LIFE AT WORK

How Team Rituals Can Enhance Life at Work

Research Report

January 2025

Marilyn Zakhour
CEO and Founder of Cosmic Centaurs

Constance (Connie) Noonan Hadley, PhD
Institute for Life at Work
Boston University Questrom School of Business

Maya Mahfouz, PhD

Summary

For the past two years, we have explored how team rituals impact employee well-being and team success. Our research surveyed 929 global office workers across 60 countries and included interviews with 68 leaders and 86 individual contributors and a field experiment with an advertising agency in the Middle East. Additionally, we drew on extensive experience helping teams and organizations implement rituals.

Our research shows that the more rituals a team engages in regularly, the higher their members’ engagement metrics. Our survey found those working on teams with high levels of rituals felt 23% more committed to their team’s purpose, experienced a 20% boost to their levels of psychological safety, achieved 28% greater interpersonal knowledge, and reported 22% higher job satisfaction, compared to those with low levels of rituals.

However, many teams struggle to develop and maintain effective rituals. Drawing on our data and real-world experience, we offer practical guidance for team leaders to create rituals that are meaningful, adaptable, and sustainable.

This report complements our Harvard Business Review article and provides additional insights, data, and examples. It is designed to support journalists reporting on workplace dynamics, as well as researchers and organizational leaders seeking to foster purpose and satisfaction in their teams through the power of rituals.

Team Effectiveness

Building Out the Best in Teams

As the nature of work evolves, so do the dynamics of teamwork. At the Institute for Life at Work, we are dedicated to unraveling the complexities of hybrid and remote teamwork in today's digital age.

Our research looks at the unique challenges and opportunities of distributed work environments, aiming to equip organizations with insights to foster collaboration and connection among team members, regardless of their physical location.

  • In-person, hybrid, and remote teamwork

  • Team design

  • Team effectiveness

  • Conflict resolution

  • Meeting management

PODCAST

Make It Safe for Employees to Speak Up (Psychological Safety)

Work Better Podcast

ARTICLE

The Surprising Power of Team Rituals

Harvard Business Review

ARTICLE

Do We Still Need Teams?

Harvard Business Review

Research Question: How do team rituals increase a sense of purpose and satisfaction at work?

— with Marilyn Zakhour and Maya Mahfouz, Cosmic Centaurs

Research Question: How does generative AI affect cross-functional teamwork, innovation, and performance?

— With Kate Kellogg, MIT Sloan, Fabrizio Dell'Acqua, Karim Lakhani, and Hila Lifshitz, Harvard Business School

Employee Well-Being & Success

Keys to a Healthy Work Life

At the Institute for Life at Work, we aim to uncover strategies that foster both personal fulfillment and professional accomplishment.

From understanding the dynamics of burnout to identifying factors that help employees feel psychologically safe, our research seeks to equip organizations with knowledge and tools to create supportive and thriving work environments.

  • Psychological safety and trust

  • Mental health and well-being at work

  • Burnout

  • Employee engagement

  • HR and talent management

  • Leadership

  • Organizational culture

Research Question: How can generative AI be used to enhance employee engagement and satisfaction at work?

— With Jenna Butler, Jina Suh, and Nancy Baym of Microsoft

Research Question: What specific leadership behaviors increase psychological safety and a sense of belonging at work?